tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-55652610215827411562024-03-13T03:26:57.812-07:00ID Magazine's Daily Display Week 2016 NewsInformation Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.comBlogger14125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-86624095432799221182016-05-27T22:22:00.000-07:002016-05-27T22:22:19.395-07:00Augmented and Virtual Reality at Display Week: Game On!<div class="MsoNormal">
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In recent years, virtual reality has moved from science
fiction movies, to academic research labs, to product development in the
industry, and finally into the hands of consumers in the real world. A number
of marquee devices have been launched in the market along with some compelling
immersive applications. At the same time, some cool augmented reality devices
and developer kits have been released as well. The pace of progress in both
virtual and augmented reality technologies has been rapid.</div>
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So, in line with this fast-emerging trend in the ecosystem,
SID decided to create a special track on Augmented and Virtual Reality for Display Week 2016. The rich lineup included a short course, a seminar, a number
of invited and contributed presentations in the symposium, and demonstrations on the exhibit floor.<o:p></o:p></div>
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It is just what the display industry needed to be on the
verge of a massive rejuvenation!<o:p></o:p></div>
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Displays are the face of some of the most used electronic
devices in our daily lives – such as the smartphone, tablet, laptop, monitor, and TV, among numerous other examples. As such, the health of the display industry
rises and falls with the growth and saturation of these devices. Take the exciting
phase of innovation in LCD TV technology as an example. The screen size went from
24 in. to 32 in. to 40 in. to 55 in. to 80 in. and above! The resolution went from 720p to
full HD to QHD and beyond, whereas the frame rates went from 60 to 120 frames
per second. And there were many more advances – contrast, brightness, color, etc. However, it
gets to a point where further advances in display technology provide only
small incremental benefits to the consumer. This often leads to a reduced demand
for new features and a slowdown in the development.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Let’s now turn to virtual reality. It’s a completely
different story at the moment. The displays on the best, state-of-the-art, VR
devices today fall way short of the specifications required for truly immersive
and responsive experiences, despite the dizzying pace of development. The pixel
density needs to increase significantly and latencies must be reduced drastically,
along with many other improvements such as increased field of view, reduced
pixel persistence, higher frame-rates, etc. Besides the display, the systems
also require integration of accurate sensing and tracking technologies. Augmented
reality devices impose additional requirements. <o:p></o:p></div>
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So this is exciting for the researchers and engineers in the
industry. Back to solving some difficult challenges, with the potential for big
returns. Judging by the excellent quality of the papers, presentations, and
exhibitions at the Display Week, it’s obvious the display ecosystem is all
geared up. Game on! – Achin Bhowmik</div>
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Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-35903078025398434922016-05-27T09:54:00.001-07:002016-05-30T14:37:02.021-07:00Game Changer: CLEARink Shows Video-Rate Reflective Display<br />
There are good very-low-power monochrome reflective displays with slow redraw times and, with the introduction of E Ink's color display, there is now a good low-power color reflective display with very slow redraw times. <br />
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What we have not had is a reflective video-rate display, and for good reasons. The only reflective technology that has proved to have both broad application and business feasibility has been electrophoretic (think E Ink), and electrophoretic displays operate by moving charged particles slowly through a significant fluid layer. The redraw time cannot be fast. (Well, it can be faster, but then the charged particles collide violently and tear each apart, with unfortunate results.)<br />
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CLEARink has turned the conventional electrophoretic model on its head. Very very briefly, the CLEARink display has a thin optical plate with lenslets on the inner surface. In the white state, incoming light experiences total internal reflection (TIR) and returns to the viewer. Reflectivity is an impressive 60%.<br />
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How does the display form a black pixel? Lurking behind the optical plate in an "ink" are black particles that are moved toward or away from the plate. When the particles touch the plate (that's a bit sloppy, but close enough for a blog), the TIR is defeated and light at that point is absorbed.<br />
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Clever, you say, but it's still electrophoresis, with a particle being moved through a fluid. How can that produce video rate? Because there's something I haven't mentioned yet. The particle only has to move through 0. 5 micron to be "touching" or "not touching" the plate, and that very small distance can be traversed rapidly.<br />
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All of this has been public for a least several weeks, but at Display Week, the company showed technology demonstrations in its suite. To demonstrate the monocrome video-rate display, CLEARink engineers had purchased a Kobo eReader, and simply replaced the E Ink imaging film with their own. With the application of a video signal, the display showed very clean, 30 fps video with the subjectively good contrast and that bright 60% reflectivity. CEO Frank Christiaens to the opportunity to note that the technology is compatible with pretty much any backplane and requires no precision alignment.<br />
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Although my colleague Bob Raikes and I were extremely impressed with this demo, Christiaens didn't want us to neglect that fact that color via matrix color filter is part of the company's mid-term road-map. Demos were effective. Using an MCF with an otherwise monochrome EPD has not been a satisfying approach in the past because too much of the reflective light was absorbed. The difference here is that CLEARink starts out with 60% reflectivity rather than 40%.<br />
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So, said Christiaens, CLEARink will soon be providing something that has never before been available: a reflective color video-rate display.<br />
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Walking back to the Moscone Center after our meeting, Raikes and I agreed that the term "game-changing" is used far too often, but that it legitimately applies here. This fast EPD can enable new applications that cannot be realized by existing display technologies. -- Ken Werner<br />
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<br />Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-53375366472159423282016-05-27T09:43:00.002-07:002016-05-27T09:43:43.821-07:00Wearable Displays Sport Classic Designs<div class="MsoNormal">
There was a time when watches seemed to go out of fashion.
Everyone knew the time by looking at their mobile phone screen. In the last
couple of years, “connected watches” have become a wearable part of the mobile
ecosystem, as their design has approached that of classic wristwatches. The
intuitive round-faced hand dial watch user interface has pulled through, once
again. <o:p></o:p></div>
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JDI Memory-in-Pixel reflective
connected watch display. (Photos by Jyrki Kimmel.)<o:p></o:p></div>
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How has this development come about? Weren’t we satisfied
with the function of the square-screen Android devices that appeared on the
market about 5 years ago? Apparently not.<o:p></o:p></div>
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The wearables offering on the exhibition show floor featured
many round-faced watch-sized displays. The Withings activity monitor, for
instance, was featured in the E Ink booth. It sported a reflective e-paper
display, in a round design.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Withings Go activity monitor
with 1.1-in. circular, segmented e-paper screen.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Assuming that customer demand drives the adoption of
consumer devices, once the technology to realize these is available, we can
infer from the exhibits shown that there is a demand to minimize the bezel and
dead space in a watch form factor display. Companies are striving to provide a bezelless design similar to what has become possible in mobile phone displays.
This is much more difficult using a round shape. AUO showed in two symposium
presentations how this can be done using a plastic substrate display. Instead
of placing the driver chip on the face of the display, in a ledge, or using a
TAB lead, they bend the flexible substrate itself to place the driver at the
backside of the display. This way a bezel of 2.2 mm can be achieved, with
clever gate driver placement and bringing the power lines into the active area
from the opposite side of the display face. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Another direction in the development of wearables is to
introduce a band form factor display that wraps around the user’s wrist.
Canatu, the Finnish touch panel maker, had an E Ink based display device from
Wove on its stand. </div>
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Wove wrist device with Canatu
integrated touch system.<o:p></o:p></div>
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The touch panel was assembled in an “on-screen” touch
fashion to make a complete, integral structure without any separate outside
encapsulation. The whole module thickness is only 0.162 mm, according to the <a href="http://www.canatu.com/canatu-and-e-ink-team-up-to-make-flexible-touch-displays-for-wearables/">press
release</a>. <o:p></o:p></div>
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So, it seems like the technical capabilities in displays are
coming to terms to satisfy user needs in wearable devices. With the
round-faced and band-shaped form factors making it possible to wear a watch
again, the “Internet of Designs” can begin. –Jyrki Kimmel for Information
Display<o:p></o:p></div>
Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-30327657893152491492016-05-27T09:22:00.003-07:002016-05-27T09:22:52.898-07:00Orbbec Shows New 3D Camera Technology in I-Zone<div class="MsoNormal">
Orbbec Technology found its way through the rigorous
committee selection process and into the I-Zone this year at Display Week. The
Shenzhen, China, based company has 3D camera
technology that Business Development Manager Agnes Zheng claims offers higher
accuracy, lower power, and easier connectivity to more operating systems than
the flagship Microsoft Connect II. Zheng has a masters in mechanical
engineering specializing in optical measurement. She was part of the group that
spun out of a university research project with its IR laser sensor technology that she claims can measure objects at 1 meter with accuracy levels at 1-3 mm
in measurement of size and distance to the object. <o:p></o:p></div>
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"The laser sensor we use has a narrow bandwidth laser
light that does not get absorbed by dark surfaces. We designed it in-house and
have it specially made for this product," Zheng said. They also added an
improved bandwidth filter and improved algorithms, all contributing to the
higher accuracy performance. <o:p></o:p></div>
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The group has support not just for Windows,(it's Windows
exclusively on the Connect II), but also Android and Unix platform
development. It also will sell an OEM module for individual
product design projects and integration into multiple devices including LCD- and
OLED-based TVs. Power is another advantage over the popular MS Connect II, as
the Orbbec 3D camera runs off a standard USB2 connection with 1.8W maximum draw,
far lower than the MS 5.0 W requirement. <o:p></o:p></div>
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The retail version of the product is $150 and requires no
power adapter, putting the Orbbec at parity with Connect II when the price of
the external power adapter is added on to the $99. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Microsoft moved to a time of flight (ToF) model in the
Connect II while Orbbec uses a unique dot pattern the company designed
using the structured light approach. Zheng told us Orbbec has global patents on this technology. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Meanwhile, back in the I-Zone, users had a blast using motion
detection to control the Sony HD flatscreen, playing real-time games and
showing off just how accurate 3D gesture recognition can be. -- Steve Sechrist<o:p></o:p></div>
Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-4558524364259540832016-05-26T15:17:00.001-07:002016-05-26T15:17:51.576-07:00Nano Composite Materials Empower New Wave Guide Breakthroughs<div class="MsoNormal">
Display Week's Best in Show small exhibit winner DigiLens is looking to do no less than change everything about how AR/VR
interfaces with humans. </div>
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DigiLens had a killer demo that was one of the most popular at the show -- you got to check out their technology from the back of a BMW motorcycle. </div>
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The group, founded by Dr. Jonathan Waldren, CTO, says its holographic optics based on the new composite material solve the
latency issues around eye tracking with the company's switchable Brag Grating approach
(as opposed to surface relief grating.) It delivers a ground breaking 40-degree
field of view spec (versus 25- to 30-degrees using conventional methods) with
an upside potential for 50-degrees by the end of the year, and up to 90-degrees
in the future. <o:p></o:p></div>
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A specially equipped motorcycle helmet served as the interface. </div>
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Waldren showed us his version of the future, in which a person's
gaze is constantly being tracked by a non-intrusive AR or VR system, feeding
that data to the system at very low latency. "This is early days, think
Steve Jobs in the Xerox PARC lab seeing the mouse interface for the first
time. <o:p></o:p></div>
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The nano materials breakthrough "...allows development
of holographic system with an 8X higher index," Waldren said. The coming
world of AR/VR (augmented and virtual reality) will gain an immeasurable boost
from a low latency visual system that both delivers the image and knows exactly
where the user is looking. The display not only shows content, but discerns
user intent, augmenting and responding in a natural hands-free mode. And just
as the mouse empowered a whole new graphic user interface, decades ago,
reliable gaze and eye tracking technology has the potential to change
everything yet again. -- Steve Sechrist<o:p></o:p></div>
Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-33701618469372918152016-05-26T13:04:00.001-07:002016-05-26T13:09:15.619-07:00Internet of Wristbands<br />
The Internet of Things is here, as experienced in the SAP Center in San Jose during Display Week at the pregame lightshow. The spectators were handed out wristbands with LEDs, synchronized via a radio interface. The wristbands also had a motion sensor so they would light up in Sharks teal when shaken about. The audience participation helped the Sharks to a 5-2 win over the Saint Louis Blues! –Jyrki Kimmel for Information Display<br />
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Spectators at a San Jose Sharks game create a light show with synchronized, color-changing wristbands.<br />
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Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-11314701522191581132016-05-26T11:24:00.002-07:002016-05-26T14:14:20.222-07:00Sensor Integration Drives Mobile Display Evolution<div class="MsoNormal">
Whereas large, high-definition displays usually get people's attention, there is a diminutive class of
displays that virtually everyone takes for granted. Mobile
phones have interactive displays that a vast majority of SID show attendees use daily, without giving them a second thought. The quality of mobile
displays today rivals that of TVs and in many parameters exceeds them.
Some key trends in mobile displays were highlighted in the SID Symposium
keynotes as well as in the introductory talk for the Market Focus Conference on
Touch. </div>
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Hiroyuki Oshima of Japan Display Inc. (JDI) gave the conference keynote on mobile
displays, highlighting JDI’s strategy to concentrate on core technologies. One
of these is an in-cell touch-based user interface. Other core technologies from
JDI include LTPS and IPS, which support the touch functionality that will take on new
capabilities. JDI sees the future growth for display business in new
applications as the mobile phone market saturates.<o:p></o:p></div>
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A mobile display from JDI (photos by Jyrki Kimmel). </div>
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Calvin Hsieh from IHS gave the lead presentation in the
Market Conference on Touch. In the IHS forecast, in-cell touch for AMLCD and
on-cell touch for AMOLED play a large role, shown in projected growth for
these technologies. For touch in general as well, new applications drive the
growth of the business.<o:p></o:p></div>
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What new applications are there for mobile displays and for
touch technologies? A lot of these rely on sensors that are being integrated
into the module itself. These sensors give the mobile display capability for
multimodal user interaction, from fingerprint and proximity sensing to hover
touch. These interaction modalities can then be leveraged over a wide range of
application areas, even in automotive use.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Another trend is the proliferation of organic form factors
in small and mobile displays. Sharp comes into this area from another
direction, taking the form language from its automotive curve-edged displays
and transforming mobile-sized displays from rectangular to round and
oval-shaped objects. </div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUojRVNiT5yayUEs4ImE320fcmiAxt1GhyphenhyphenqS4YeR36hBMkr4CnHAEq_ePTbZZv2fZHzPEls552wweku_KewHtw8AE3uIq4o20c0QqglzxUZ3KamOu7rS7SQ1HNpY9waris6aGB_GUhyphenhyphenkg/s1600/Sharpdisplay.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUojRVNiT5yayUEs4ImE320fcmiAxt1GhyphenhyphenqS4YeR36hBMkr4CnHAEq_ePTbZZv2fZHzPEls552wweku_KewHtw8AE3uIq4o20c0QqglzxUZ3KamOu7rS7SQ1HNpY9waris6aGB_GUhyphenhyphenkg/s320/Sharpdisplay.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Sharp has been specializing in "non-traditional" display shapes.</div>
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These new form factors, combined with curved
display integration, led by Samsung, open a way for totally new device classes,
beyond the mobile phone and rectangular, passive information screens in cars.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOWzkaasRCZXZFWEquC3szSBcxHvnQ02GjYz42bbhPMJ7Z1FrfIDts9nJxuL4geJucz5rbR9I-xsrl6UoHlk55pdQu24J76WGlBrIi3eBZ-63SigWStMYqoAubI23R9bH3kaQeCxGwkRI/s1600/Samsungdisplay.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOWzkaasRCZXZFWEquC3szSBcxHvnQ02GjYz42bbhPMJ7Z1FrfIDts9nJxuL4geJucz5rbR9I-xsrl6UoHlk55pdQu24J76WGlBrIi3eBZ-63SigWStMYqoAubI23R9bH3kaQeCxGwkRI/s320/Samsungdisplay.jpg" width="178" /></a></div>
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Samsung is also experimenting with some interesting form factors. </div>
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From the presentations in the conferences and modules shown
in the exhibition booths, it seems that the predicted curved and flexible
displays are still as far in the future as roadmaps depicted a few years ago.
Prototypes of “rollable” screens are becoming ubiquitous but real products are
still beyond the horizon. Until we get there, there will be many advancements
in “classic” mobile display technologies that in turn can propagate to other
application areas, making developments in mobile displays the vanguard of
evolution in display technology. Sensor and system integration as well as touch
user interface evolution will play a major role as constituent technologies in
this development. –Jyrki Kimmel for Information Display<o:p></o:p></div>
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Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-74092610118097724302016-05-26T09:54:00.001-07:002016-05-26T09:54:26.813-07:00E Ink Shows a Color Electrophoretic Display that Pops<br /><div class="MsoNormal">
The E Ink Carta reflective electrophoretic display (EPD) is
a near-perfect device for reading black text on a white background. But there are applications, such as many
kinds of signage, that demand vibrant color.
Until now, the only way to get "full" color from an EPD -- at
least the only way that E Ink has shown us -- is placing a matrix color filter
in front of the monochrome display.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKK82DV59zK9KuMcJdj_TnoVWhClzSB22UWaYALIAyeo1oFXDt0fogD1hmm2PEZ4cQ77zhqbYgDIoFf2rci6yarIl1P2SH-atywmZOxS8dYEQk-Qdfz_zGIQASsmG1N9NCakgEkp5gT1w/s1600/EPD+color.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="169" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKK82DV59zK9KuMcJdj_TnoVWhClzSB22UWaYALIAyeo1oFXDt0fogD1hmm2PEZ4cQ77zhqbYgDIoFf2rci6yarIl1P2SH-atywmZOxS8dYEQk-Qdfz_zGIQASsmG1N9NCakgEkp5gT1w/s320/EPD+color.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">E Ink's full-color
electrophoretic display with four colors of particle and no matrix color
filter. (Photo: Ken Werner)</span></div>
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The problem with this approach for a reflective display is
that the 40% of light reflected from a good EPD is brought down to 10-15% by
the filter. This results in a limited gamut of rather dark, muddy colors. E Ink showed the way forward a few years ago
with a black, white, and red display, which managed to control particles of
three different colors using differences in mobility and a cleverly designed
controlling waveform.<o:p></o:p></div>
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At Display Week 2016, E Ink introduced an impressive
expansion of this approach, in which particles of four different colors are
included within each microcapsule, given different mobilities through different
sizing, and driven with a pulsed controlling wave movement that permits the
creation of thousands of colors, as explained by E Ink's Giovanni Mancini. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg64EfuqTqEUI5Lb-HV3zEOqsPA0PquBe5a8xo4pwdgyyZnVee-HaIQbUupa1CZbLrwZNEolPGBMb_kOWG1oZIaqZ0Ex9OhLbrzbw2kaam_cI4CDPoPNEwjgyA9baImFDWOK3sABEdcHxs/s1600/EPD+science.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg64EfuqTqEUI5Lb-HV3zEOqsPA0PquBe5a8xo4pwdgyyZnVee-HaIQbUupa1CZbLrwZNEolPGBMb_kOWG1oZIaqZ0Ex9OhLbrzbw2kaam_cI4CDPoPNEwjgyA9baImFDWOK3sABEdcHxs/s320/EPD+science.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;">How the E Ink display
makes 8 essential colors. (Graphic: E Ink; Photo: Ken Werner)</span></div>
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The resulting display showed impressively bright and
saturated colors and drew crowds. When a
new image was written, the display would flash several times. It took about 10 seconds for a new image to
build to its final colors. One possible
application Mancini mentioned is a color E Ink sign powered by photocells.</div>
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This is a significant development that will definitely
expand the range of applications EPD can address. – Ken Werner<o:p></o:p></div>
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Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-57886786386079404432016-05-25T23:45:00.002-07:002016-05-26T09:54:45.083-07:00“Deep” Visual Understanding from “Deep” Learning<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="MsoNormal">
Earlier this year, in March, something very significant
happened in the history of artificial intelligence. A computer program,
AlphaGo, developed by Google DeepMind, defeated the South Korean professional
Go player, Lee Sedol, in the home turf of the human player. The collective
human ego went into a shock. It was unthinkable that a machine could beat the
best of human minds in this extremely complex strategy game! The world had
hardly recovered from the defeat handed to Gary Kasparov, the formidable world
chess champion, by a mere computer, the IBM Deep Blue, in 1997.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Well… we should have seen this coming. The processing power
of computers has gone through astronomical advances, thanks to the relentless
pursuit of Moore’s law, named after the founder of Intel. Basically, the
transistor count in the processor chip has been doubling every two years over
the past four decades! In parallel, algorithms for machine learning and
artificial intelligence also went through revolutionary leaps, with the
invention and enhancements of the convolutional neural network approach. The
combination of the advances in these two fields is now enabling previously
unthinkable computer vision and machine intelligence capabilities.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Appropriately, SID invited Professor Jitendra Malik of UC
Berkeley, a pioneer in the field of computer vision, to present the Luncheon
Keynote this year. He started his presentation by showing the picture below. </div>
</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc-seSVCgvIuv3eXA8NOHevlpcaqq2VSMxbADi4W8VZUBz79S6DvR2W4EnVywCrsUUnbCkkfejmBH3Pz-2T-ar8VgkcRMdyHlNhyZggVbbAdGW4890fLmBR2v3vfPPS1IY9KsWnnC0scE/s1600/accordion.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="231" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhc-seSVCgvIuv3eXA8NOHevlpcaqq2VSMxbADi4W8VZUBz79S6DvR2W4EnVywCrsUUnbCkkfejmBH3Pz-2T-ar8VgkcRMdyHlNhyZggVbbAdGW4890fLmBR2v3vfPPS1IY9KsWnnC0scE/s320/accordion.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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Can a computer program be developed that understands the “semantics” of this scene? Facts such as: 1) the lady on the left is walking away with 3 bags, 2) the woman on the right is playing the accordion sitting on the bench by a bag, while 3) the guy in the middle is looking at the woman. Pushing it further, Professor Malik asked if it would then be possible to predict if the guy has the intention to put some money in the tip bag of the woman!<o:p></o:p></div>
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Most would probably say these are impossible tasks for a computer to accomplish. However, Professor Malik walked the audience through the advances in computer vision over the past few decades, and demonstrated how the advent of multi-layer neural network based algorithms have resulted in unprecedented accuracies in semantic visual understanding that would make such tasks possible.<o:p></o:p></div>
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On to “deep” understanding of the visual world from a collection of pixels on an image, with the help of “deep” learning algorithms running on powerful modern computers! The future is intelligent, and the future is already here… --Achin Bhowmik</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-83461626646427001502016-05-25T22:48:00.001-07:002016-05-25T22:48:18.723-07:00The Convergence of Human and Display Evolution<br /><div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Here’s another look at Monday’s
short course, “Augmented and Virtual Reality: Towards Life-like Immersive and
Interactive Experiences,” given by Intel’s Achin Bhowmik (who also blogs on
these pages). Session attendees were treated to a most unexpected discussion
that began with the Cambrian Explosion, which Bhowmik explained directly led to
the evolution of the human visual system, and the basis of key issues those of
us in the display industry need to consider today.</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbGO7t4rhvJ6ogZlEmXqT0xb16GMIm1U809OU9CvJfsyV18cwDgmiFXl_cWcFfZDQlzKMDbM-JvXz_pQcYnHezvAE-MlWH2X2TSSchy_mmGuu0KF3LSKUr2WLSdkOZg9zahv6CuZjSKEY/s1600/Cambrian.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbGO7t4rhvJ6ogZlEmXqT0xb16GMIm1U809OU9CvJfsyV18cwDgmiFXl_cWcFfZDQlzKMDbM-JvXz_pQcYnHezvAE-MlWH2X2TSSchy_mmGuu0KF3LSKUr2WLSdkOZg9zahv6CuZjSKEY/s320/Cambrian.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">It was interesting to observe the
overflow crowd of electrical and computer engineers suddenly confronted with
the cold hard fact that biology, based on the distribution of photoreceptors in
the human eye (yes, rods and cones), is driving key display requirements. Bhowmik
explained that the human fovia consists of only cones (color receptors) and
rods. Cones make up the periphery, with far more (orders of magnitude more)
rods than cones in that space. </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">Resolution and Field of View (FOV)
were also discussed, with the assertion that we should be talking about pixels
per degree (PPD) rather than PPI (per inch) specifications in HMD applications.
Bhowmik said the human eye has an angular resolution of 1/60 of a degree, with
each eye horizontal field of view (FOV) at 160 degrees and a vertical FOV of
175 degrees.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt;">What all this portends is that the direction of display
development is finally moving beyond speeds and feeds. For significant
development to continue, serious consideration needs to be given to how the eye
sees images and particularly color. Maybe it’s time to take a refresher course
in Bio 101. -- Steve Sechrist <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-59250579205918556462016-05-25T07:39:00.002-07:002016-05-25T07:40:06.266-07:00IGZO: More than Displays<br />
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<o:p> </o:p>Oxide semiconductors, alongside low-temperature polysilicon,
have been the high mobility alternative to amorphous silicon backplanes for a
few years now. Flexible display manufacturers in particular seem to have embraced
oxide semiconductors for future generations and new form factors. It’s
interesting to note that oxide semiconductors have other primary uses besides
displays, in large part due to their extremely low leakage current values.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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I talked with Johan Bergquist (see photo below) of Semiconductor Energy
Laboratory (SEL) about these uses and how they relate to SEL’s C-axis aligned
crystalline indium gallium zinc oxide (CAAC IGZO) technology. Within SID, SEL
is best known for its many advances in active backplane technologies. Most
recently, SEL has demonstrated high-definition CAAC IGZO displays, both on
glass and flexible substrates. The president of SEL, Dr. Shunpei Yamazaki, is recognized
in many societies, including SID, for this work. Beyond displays, SEL has shown
the capability of CAAC IGZO in representative circuits, such as system-on-glass
processing units and multi-level memory circuits. In fact, large-scale
integration (LSI) applications are some of the most promising uses for
IGZO. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU1NOLoa1nabJRKPq4YQuW5R7oTUnQ0caluBeYGtYuGRzvKWmYKNqaatVHXqvY60_k9rjKLu9l__YbhDJNLHXvD9woRlopHPe0TyCskhIhysoREKNz-fi_RgWsbVfW0gS_Rz3iE-rQwNY/s1600/Bergquivst_Page_1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjU1NOLoa1nabJRKPq4YQuW5R7oTUnQ0caluBeYGtYuGRzvKWmYKNqaatVHXqvY60_k9rjKLu9l__YbhDJNLHXvD9woRlopHPe0TyCskhIhysoREKNz-fi_RgWsbVfW0gS_Rz3iE-rQwNY/s320/Bergquivst_Page_1.jpg" width="246" /></a></div>
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“IGZO doesn’t have the short gate effect that silicon has,”
said Bergquist. “This means that reducing design rules does not reduce the
mobility, and SEL has in fact demonstrated 30 nm technology in CAAC IGZO.” CAAC
IGZO is aligned in the transverse direction, while it is nanocrystalline in the
lateral dimensions. Because the mobility is still below that of crystalline
silicon, oxide semiconductors are, unlike CPUs and other circuits requiring
fast switching, best suited for circuits that can utilize the
next-to-nonexistent leakage current, such as nonvolatile memories. These can be
used, for instance, as register backup memories and frame buffers. Because the
technology is analog in nature, multilevel memories are possible. “SEL’s goal
is to make an 8-bit memory, but we are not there quite yet. 4-bit and 5-bit
memories have been realized, though,” says Bergquist. “The trick is to use
hybrid circuits where silicon and IGZO are used together.”</div>
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At the moment, the reliability of oxide semiconductors is
not at the same level as that of silicon-based circuits, so memory chips based
on oxide logic are not available. There is a lot of promise in IGZO circuits,
especially integrating these with oxide semiconductor backplane displays, and
future efforts with chip maker partners of SEL will likely see to it that
product reliability will reach silicon levels. We may have to wait for a few
years before this happens but until then, we can enjoy the benefits of IGZO in
fantastic mobile-sized displays, and beyond these, moderate-sized high-pixel-density
displays, both on glass and flexible substrates. -- Jyrki Kimmel for
Information Display<o:p></o:p></div>
Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-31139700888860466502016-05-24T14:38:00.004-07:002016-05-24T14:38:42.310-07:00Design Kudos to Merck/EMDI have no idea what EMD Performance Materials (aka Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) is showing in its booth this year but I surely love how it looks. The company's redesigned graphics are a mix of art nouveau/sixties/seventies/something in a bright, bright palette. (See below.) The booth really catches the eye and draws you in. Tomorrow, I'm coming to see what's IN the booth, Merck, I promise.<br />
-- Jenny Donelan<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsFTD83-X4h1n_y5hyphenhyphenoB9sOO7Dxz3Jn9QYKwonHeSAt_J2a5lMBhQcsbG-Dy9PHUb48aTZjdPG3pijskG7Kt9_KhDIwON9gYPIsY9Cbmcp1WcNbufEAJQJ5Ib-vNC8UQHymsgo6_OZLbE/s1600/Merck+1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsFTD83-X4h1n_y5hyphenhyphenoB9sOO7Dxz3Jn9QYKwonHeSAt_J2a5lMBhQcsbG-Dy9PHUb48aTZjdPG3pijskG7Kt9_KhDIwON9gYPIsY9Cbmcp1WcNbufEAJQJ5Ib-vNC8UQHymsgo6_OZLbE/s320/Merck+1.JPG" width="240" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxTBVqLFTbxxaxdPm_VY-1H8VeOha1DvZLazrLlOoamfxRFGDRyJ0zV2aqVRuRKCWRepT5I0khHkXvSVr14qimWX7C1DFlHVOupGav4PnVjlMjfpJ1Ofx8PVVOUa4AQ6n8rRKFaFYGwXo/s1600/Merck+2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxTBVqLFTbxxaxdPm_VY-1H8VeOha1DvZLazrLlOoamfxRFGDRyJ0zV2aqVRuRKCWRepT5I0khHkXvSVr14qimWX7C1DFlHVOupGav4PnVjlMjfpJ1Ofx8PVVOUa4AQ6n8rRKFaFYGwXo/s320/Merck+2.JPG" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-55797830409907934122016-05-24T11:49:00.004-07:002016-05-24T11:49:32.682-07:00A Frog Gets Real<div class="MsoNormal">
“How do you define real?” asked Achin Bhowmik, kicking off
his Monday Seminar, “Augmented and Virtual Reality: Towards Life-Like Immersive
and Interactive Experiences.” (He was quoting the character Morpheus from the
iconic science fiction movie <i>The Matrix</i>
– a pretty irresistible reference when you’re talking about AR and VR.) Bhowmik,
who is with the Perceptual Computing Group at Intel, offered a 90-minute
whirlwind tour through the past, present, and future of immersive computing, with
some pretty entertaining examples of burred lines between “real” and “virtual,”
including a video clip of an actual frog trying to zap virtual bugs crawling on
a smartphone screen. (The video is instructive as well as cute, particularly at
the end. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L2vkk0WC6SE">Check it out.</a>)<o:p></o:p></div>
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Bhowmik also described a series of early VR implementations,
the most intriguing of which is the Sensorama, developed by Morton Heilig in 1955.
This all-mechanical, arcade-style device featured stereoscopic 3D imagery, a
tilting seat, and – amazingly -- wind and aroma. <o:p></o:p></div>
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The discussion then moved to human factors including
accommodation/convergence, depth perception, and various physical cues that can
cause users to feel discomfort in immersive/interactive situations if not
properly addressed by the systems. Word of the day: proprioception -- perception
of your limbs.<o:p></o:p></div>
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It was a lively, compelling, fact-filled presentation that
left you feeling like you understood the potential of virtual reality in a new
way. Not surprisingly, Bhowmik ended on a positive note, describing the brave
new, possible world of AR, VR, as well as a concept he describes as “mixed
reality.” Once again he quoted Morpheus:
“Unfortunately, no one can be told what the matrix is; you need to see it for
yourself.” Bhowmik urged listeners to do
just that and experience some VR/AR applications for themselves. “This is just
the beginning here,” he said. “If you haven’t tried VR yet, I urge you to try
it.” <o:p></o:p></div>
Information Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5565261021582741156.post-51231327512488445152016-05-23T15:59:00.003-07:002016-05-23T15:59:43.346-07:00Welcome to Display Week 2016!Check back here often for posts about the new products and technology begin revealed at Display Week in San Francisco. ID Magazine has four roving reporters and two editors covering the show for you!<br />
<br />
The editors<br />
Information Display magazineInformation Displayhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14310735370279024648noreply@blogger.com0